Shell’s vice president of Alaska operations was quoted last Saturday as saying “Happy, happy, happy.” Then the ice showed up. Hours after Shell began drilling in the Artic, operations were forced to ...

Astrobiologists have devised a novel way to determine ocean temperatures of distant worlds based on the thickness of their ice shells, effectively conducting oceanography from space. Cornell ...

The new method for measuring temperatures in ocean moons involves a process called ice pumping. This occurs below the ice shelves in Antarctica, and scientists said it likely happens on Europa and ...